Venice Biennale, one of the world’s most prestigious art events, is set to open amid heightened political tensions — with debates over Israel’s participation becoming a central point of controversy.

The 61st edition of the Biennale, which brings together artists from 99 countries, is facing pressure from groups calling for the exclusion of Israel’s pavilion. Supporters of Israel, however, argue that such demands risk politicizing the arts and undermining the core principles of cultural exchange, artistic freedom, and open dialogue.

While more than 200 artists and curators have signed letters advocating for a boycott, others within the global art community stress that the Biennale should remain an inclusive platform — one that allows diverse voices to be heard, especially during times of conflict.

The debate has intensified alongside broader geopolitical tensions, including criticism over the return of Russia to the exhibition. Still, many observers note that excluding countries from cultural events risks setting a precedent that could limit artistic representation worldwide.

Institutional tensions have also surfaced within the Biennale itself. The resignation of the event’s jury and changes to its awards system reflect deeper disagreements about how global politics should influence artistic recognition.

Despite the controversy, Israel’s participation continues, though in a modified format, with its exhibition set to take place in an alternative venue. Supporters see this as an important affirmation that art should remain a space for dialogue rather than division.

Originally conceived by curator Koyo Kouoh under the theme “In Minor Keys,” the exhibition was meant to highlight subtle, human-centered narratives. As it unfolds, many argue that maintaining open cultural platforms — even amid disagreement — is essential to preserving the role of art in fostering understanding across nations.